I call back that last update (see previous post). Apparently the transformer wasn’t sufficient after all due to lack of mechanical protection of windings. The safety standard for transformers, EN 61558-1, requires that insulation must not be easily damageable during device assembly. So windings must be mechanically protected from being hit by other objects.
Luckily I found near perfect “drop-in” replacement for the transformer. This model actually probably would have been chosen in the first place if it were available at the time of logic circuit PSU design. The new transformer type was just introduced to market at late 2012.